![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The performers played on outside, temporary stages, and relied on various props ( robbe) in place of extensive scenery. Italian theatre historians, such as Roberto Tessari, Ferdinando Taviani, and Luciano Pinto believe commedia developed as a response to the political and economic crisis of the 14th century and, as a consequence, became the first entirely professional form of theatre. Commedia dell'arte, conversely, was performed by professional actors (comici) who perfected a specific role or mask. This was to distinguish the form from commedia erudita or learned comedy that was written by academics and performed by amateurs. In fact, the term arte was coined much later, for in the early period the term used in contemporary accounts is commedia all'improviso. ![]() Here, arte does not refer to "art" as we currently consider the word, but rather to that which is made by artigiani (artisans). The closest translation of the name is " comedy of craft" it is shortened from commedia dell'arte all'improvviso, or "comedy of the craft of improvisation". Commedia dell'arte (Italian pronunciation: ) is a form of theatre characterized by masked "types" which began in Italy in the 16 th century and was responsible for the advent of the actress and improvised performances based on sketches or scenarios. ![]()
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